Appearance
question:Please answer the following question: Information: - Southern Europe is the southern region of the European continent. Most definitions of Southern Europe, also known as Mediterranean Europe, include the countries of the Iberian peninsula (Spain and Portugal), the Italian peninsula, Southern France, Greece and Malta. Other definitions sometimes include the Balkan countries of Southeast Europe, which are geographically technically in the southern part of Europe, but which have different historical, political, economic, and cultural backgrounds that commonly places them in the category of Eastern Europe. - Valletta is the capital city of Malta, colloquially known as Il-Belt (lit. "The City") in Maltese. Geographically, it is located in the South Eastern Region, in the central-eastern portion of the main island of Malta having its western coast with access to the Marsamxett Harbour and its eastern coast in the Grand Harbour. The historical city has a population of 6,444 (as of March 2014), while the metropolitan area around it has a population of 393,938. Valletta is the southernmost capital of Europe and the second southernmost capital of the European Union after Nicosia. - Tunisia ('; ), officially the Republic of Tunisia (') is the northernmost country in Africa, covering . Its northernmost point, Cape Angela, is the northernmost point on the African continent. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia's population was estimated to be just under 11 million in 2014. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis, which is located on Tunisia's northeast coast. - Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Europe. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Italy shares open land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino and Vatican City. Italy covers an area of and has a largely temperate seasonal climate and Mediterranean climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as "lo Stivale" (the Boot). With 61 million inhabitants, it is the fourth most populous EU member state. - Fra ' Nicolas Cotoner ( Nicolau Cotoner i d'Olesa ; 1608 , Mallorca -- 1680 , Malta ) was the 61st Prince and Grand Master of the Order of Malta , between 1663 and 1680 . He was the son of Marc Antoni Cotoner i de SantmartĂ and brother of the previous Grandmaster , Rafael Cotoner . In 1669 , after the fall of Candia , Nicolas Cotoner improved the fortifications of Malta due to fears of an Ottoman attack . He funded the construction of the Cottonera Lines , which were named in his honour . The lines could accommodate up to 40,000 people in case of an invasion . Cotoner 's reign also saw the construction of Fort Ricasoli and various modifications to the Floriana Lines . A strategist and a diplomatic , he greatly increased the prestige of the order , mainly in France , Venice and England . In 1674 funded in Malta a school of Anatomy and Medicine as an annex of the Sacra Infermeria . He drew up ( in Italian ) the constitutions and estatutes of the order ( 1674 ) . Nicolas Cotoner continued the work on the redecoration of St. John 's Co-Cathedral commenced by his brother , Rafael , and much of the splendour of the Cathedral occurred during his reign including the decoration of the vault painted by the Calabrian artist Mattia Preti as well as much of the carving and gilding of most of the walls . He died on 29 April 1680 and is buried in the Chapel of Aragon in the Co-Cathedral . He was succeeded by Fra Gregorio Carafa . The sepulchral monument to Grand Master Nicolas Cotoner , located prominently to the right side of the main altar in the chapel of the langue of Aragon in St John 's Co-Cathedral , was produced by Domenico Guidi and is one of the most prominent and beautiful monuments in the Cathedral . The remarkable Cotoner monument consists of a pyramidal distribution of figures with a central grouping of triumphal paraphernalia such as arms and trophies which surround the bronze gilded bust of the Grand Master . Above a cherub holds the Cotoner armorial shield whilst the allegory of Fame blows a trumpet in... - Libya ("") is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west. The three traditional parts of the country are Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. - Malta, officially known as the Republic of Malta, is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea. It lies south of Italy, east of Tunisia, and north of Libya. The country covers just over , with a population of just under 450,000, making it one of the world's smallest and most densely populated countries. The capital of Malta is Valletta, which at 0.8 km, is the smallest national capital in the European Union. Malta has two official languages: Maltese and English. Given the paragraphs above, decide what entity has the relation 'country of citizenship' with 'spain'. A:
answer:There is no specific entity mentioned in the paragraphs above that has the relation 'country of citizenship' with 'Spain'.
question:Here is a news article: Special Sections JAMA Internal Medicine has several sections devoted to contemporary issues confronting internists. Case studies of patients with challenging electrocardiograms. Articles about how overuse of medical care may result in harm and how less intervention may lead to better health. JAMA Internal Medicine publishes a subsection of Perspectives, Teachable Moments, to bring attention to the harms that can result from medical overuse and from underuse of needed medical interventions. The format for submitting an entry is described here; manuscripts should be submitted here as usual. Note we need written permission from patients to include their story. Read all Teachable Moments here. Articles addressing health care reform in JAMA Internal Medicine's Health Care Reform feature. Firearm Violence Articles from the JAMA Network ||||| High sugar consumption may double the chance of dying from heart disease, according to a study that adds to evidence that high levels of the sweetener in processed foods and drink is bad for a personâs health. People whose sugar intake is about a quarter or more of their total daily calories had twice the risk of dying from heart disease than those who whose intake was 7 percent, according to the research today in JAMA Internal Medicine. For those whose intake of added sugar was about 19 percent, their risk of dying from heart disease was about 38 percent higher. Todayâs study is the first to link on a national level the amount of sugar American adults eat to their risk of dying from heart disease after taking into account weight, age, health, exercise and diet, said lead study author Quanhe Yang, an epidemiologist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Research has already linked sugar consumption to diabetes, weight gain and obesity. âToo much sugar can make you fat; it can also make you sick, sick from diseases like cardiovascular disease, which is the No. 1 killer in America,â said Laura Schmidt, a school of medicine professor at the University of California at San Francisco, in a telephone interview. âSmall amounts of sugar are fine. Itâs consuming massive amounts of sugar thatâs a growing problem in America.â The study also found that regular consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, seven servings or more each week, was linked to an increased risk of dying from heart disease. 600,000 Deaths Heart disease, which can cause heart attack, chest pain and heart failure, is the leading cause of death worldwide for both men and women and kills more than 600,000 Americans each year, according to the Atlanta-based CDC. There is no specific national guideline for sugar consumption. The Institute of Medicine recommends sugar be less than 25 percent of total calories, the World Health Organization recommends less than 10 percent, while the American Heart Association suggests limiting sugar to less than 150 calories a day for men and less than 100 calories a day for women, the authors wrote. âThe majority of us are consuming more added sugar than the recommendations,ââ Yang said in a telephone interview. About 37 percent of added sugar in U.S. diets comes from sugar-sweetened beverages, while the rest comes from grain-based desserts, fruit drinks, dairy desserts and candy, the authors said. Sugar from fresh fruits and vegetables isnât considered added sugar. Better food labels would help people identify their sugar intake, said Schmidt, who wrote an editorial accompanying the study. Sugar Effects Scientists donât have a clear understanding why sugar may raise the risk of dying from heart disease, Yang said. Sugar may increase blood pressure and weight gain, both risk factors for heart disease, or it may raise bad cholesterol and triglycerides and lower good cholesterol. Sugar may also increase insulin resistance, a factor in diabetes, or increase fat accumulation in the liver, he said. Researchers in the study looked at data from several National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, which provides nationally representative information on U.S. adults. They found that U.S. adults consumed about 14.9 percent of daily calories from added sugar in 2005-2010, down from 16.8 percent in 1999-2004. For most U.S. adults, added sugar made up 10 percent or more of their daily calories during 2005-2010 and for 10 percent of people, sugar made up 25 percent or more of their daily calories. Todayâs findings support recommendations to limit intake of sugar-added foods and drinks, Yang said. âWe are in the midst of a paradigm shift in research on the health effects of sugar, one fueled by extremely high rates of added sugar overconsumption in the American public,â Schmidt said in an editorial accompanying the study. To contact the reporter on this story: Nicole Ostrow in New York at [email protected] To contact the editor responsible for this story: Reg Gale at [email protected] ||||| A summary of this is?
answer:In a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine, researchers have found a link between high sugar consumption and an increased risk of death resulting from heart disease. According to the study, individuals whose sugar intake constitutes a quarter or more of their total daily calories had twice the risk of dying from heart disease compared to those whose intake was only 7%. The research also found a correlation between the regular intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (seven servings or more each week) and increased risk of heart disease-related death. This study is the first to connect the amount of sugar consumed by American adults to their risk of dying from heart disease while accounting for weight, age, health, exercise, and diet. Although there is no specific national guideline for sugar consumption, various organizations, such as the Institute of Medicine, the World Health Organization, and the American Heart Association, recommend limiting sugar intake. The study's findings support these recommendations and emphasize the importance of limiting added sugars in foods and drinks. Better food labeling could help people identify their sugar intake, making it easier to follow the recommended guidelines. Possible reasons for the increased heart disease risk due to high sugar consumption could be the impact of sugar on blood pressure and weight gain, both of which are risk factors for heart disease. Sugar might also lead to raised levels of bad cholesterol and triglycerides while reducing good cholesterol. Furthermore, high sugar intake could contribute to insulin resistance, a significant factor in diabetes, or increase fat accumulation in the liver.
question:I am a movie director and I just received the following movie plot. Could you help me answer this question? If not, let me know by writing "Not answerable". Plot title: Deception Movie plot: Timid accountant Jonathan McQuarry (Ewan McGregor) is an auditor with little to no social life. One night while working late in a boardroom he is interrupted by a lawyer, Wyatt Bose (Hugh Jackman), who befriends him and offers him marijuana. After a long conversation, Jonathan takes the subway home where he has a brief encounter with a blond woman (Michelle Williams) with whom he falls in love at first sight while waiting for the train. Upon returning home he notices a pipe in his bedroom is leaking and leaving a stain.Jonathan contacts Wyatt the next day and they play tennis after work. Afterward they stop by Wyatt's lavish apartment where Jonathan borrows an expensive suit, and they go out to a club. They meet again for lunch the next day where Wyatt mentions he is leaving on a business trip to London for a few weeks. Upon leaving, Wyatt unintentionally takes Jonathan's mobile phone instead of his own.When Jonathan realizes the phones have been switched, he attempts to contact Wyatt but does not reach him. He is soon contacted by a woman (Natasha Henstridge) who asks if he is free that night. He informs her that he is and agrees to meet her. When she arrives they proceed directly to a hotel room to have sex and Jonathan realizes that Wyatt must be on some type of exclusive list.When Wyatt calls the next day, he doesn't mind Jonathan using the list and even encourages him to continue. Jonathan initiates his first call and has an encounter with an attractive older woman (Charlotte Rampling) who explains how the list works. The list consists of business men and women, too busy to have any real social life and looking to have casual sex once in a while. She also explains the list's rules: the initiator pays for the room, no names are exchanged, no business talk, very little conversation and no rough play. Jonathan later spots the older woman on the cover of Forbes and smiles. Over the next few weeks he engages in sexual encounters with several other members.One night after initiating another encounter, Jonathan... My question: What does Wyatt take from Jonathon?
answer:Wyatt unintentionally takes Jonathan's mobile phone instead of his own, leading to the phone mix-up which exposes Jonathan to the exclusive list of busy professionals seeking casual, no-strings-attached encounters. This incident becomes a significant turning point in the movie plot, as Jonathan delves deeper into the seductive world of this secret list.
question:Attributes: name = The Punter, eatType = coffee shop, food = Japanese, priceRange = more than £30, customer rating = low, familyFriendly = no, near = Café Sicilia. Produce a detailed sentence about this restaurant.
answer:The Punter is a place where people can go to have food and drinks, but it's not a good place for families with little kids like you. They mainly serve Japanese food, which comes from Japan, and it's like a coffee shop where people can also have some coffee. It costs more than £30 which means it is a bit expensive, and people have said they don't like it very much because it has a low rating. Also, it's located close to another place called Café Sicilia.